UC researcher contributes to book calling for urgent conservation of São Tomé & Príncipe’s unique Flora

Maria do Céu Madureira, a researcher at the Centre for Functional Ecology (CFE) at the University of Coimbra's Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FCTUC), contributed to the Red Book of Endemic Species of São Tomé and Príncipe, which was produced as part of the Threatened Flora Project, a study of the endangered flora of São Tomé and Príncipe funded by the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF).

This pioneering work provides the first comprehensive overview of the conservation status of 106 endemic and near-endemic plant species, assessed according to the criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List.

"The book reveals that two species are already extinct, 12 are critically endangered, 53 are endangered, and 25 are considered vulnerable. The publication highlights the urgent need for conservation action at a time when the islands' biodiversity is under threat from factors such as agricultural expansion, deforestation and invasive species," explains Maria do Céu Madureira.

The FCTUC expert also notes the rediscovery of rare species such as Balthasaria mannii and Psychotria exellii, which had not been seen for over half a century, as well as the identification of at least 17 species new to science, including a new dominant species of Cleistanthus in the dry forests of northern São Tomé.

Illustrated with graphs and distribution maps, the book highlights the archipelago's ecosystems, presents the methodologies used, and proposes guidelines for conservation. It identifies 21 areas of high importance for the preservation of flora, many of which are outside the current network of Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs). Ex-situ conservation actions were also carried out, with endangered specimens planted in local nurseries, the Bom Sucesso Botanical Garden and degraded forest areas.

'This publication highlights the importance of strengthening local scientific knowledge and training São Toméan technicians and botanists, recognising endemic flora as a natural heritage of immeasurable value for the resilience of ecosystems in the face of climate change,' concludes Maria do Céu Madureira.

The 'Red Book of Endemic Species of São Tomé and Príncipe' is a crucial scientific tool to guide political, educational and conservation decisions and is aimed at government authorities, local communities, the private sector and conservation professionals

The book can be downloaded free of charge here.